Importance of the Physician-Patient and Hospital-Patient Relationships Term Paper

Importance of the Physician-Patient and Hospital-Patient Relationships - Term Paper Example This paper illustrates that there are numerous factors and variables to account for, all of which constitute the general performance of the health sector. Two of the most notable factors or variables in the healthcare setting are physician-patient and hospital-patient relationships. The interaction of patients with the physicians and the hospital setting builds a favorable ground upon which patients can access quality care and be taken care of by the physicians. The interaction between the parties involved seeks to promote the welfare of all of them. Hospitals are designed to provide care to patients in order to promote their health and wellbeing. Healthcare facilities raise their welfare by achieving the purpose for which they were established. On the other hand, physicians have a duty to ensure that patients are provided with quality care whenever they need it. Patients have the right to access health care services and quality care from physicians in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. Fostering healthy relationships between patients, physicians, and hospitals enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of providing health care services. The health care setting is made up of numerous stakeholders, namely: patients, physicians, healthcare facility administrators, regulatory agencies, insurers, and the government among others. These stakeholders interact on differentiated grounds and for variant reasons. However, the common denominator is that one of these stakeholders can enter into a contract with another. Warranties are also operational in the healthcare setting, especially in patient-physician interaction. Government sponsored health care programs constitute contracts between health care facilities and the government through the relevant programs run by the government in that line. On the same note, patients can enter into contracts with insurers to secure insurance coverage. Over and above this, patients and physicians can engage in contractual relatio nships relative to the provision of care. On the other hand, warranties in the healthcare setting encompass any assurances made by one party to another, whose breach results in remedial consequences.

Life of a prisoner in the Soviet Gulag and Nazi Death Camp Systems Essay

Life of a prisoner in the Soviet Gulag and Nazi Death Camp Systems - Essay Example Just as engaging is the book by Solzhenitsyn, One Day in the Life of Ivan Deisovich, which portrays a fictionalized account of his personal experiences. Through explorations about these two accounts and expanded upon through other sources, a comparison of the experiences in Auschwitz and the Gulag can be made. One of the notable things about Solzhenitsyn’s work is that there is little that truly occurs in the book. The novel tells the details of a day, slowly and methodically, so that the mundane nature of life in a prison is revealed. Although there is some discussion of punishment and the cruelty of living in the Gulag, it is the monotony and the long day that has the most impact. Through the oppressive atmosphere and the indignity of being given no trust through constant searches and counting of the inmates, there is a sense of being held in place, that feeling permeating the whole work in a way that portrays a realistic feeling of being in prison. In contrast, the life tha t Levi Primo describes is filled with hardships that are terrible and not mundane. Each new indignity pushes him toward the next lowered level in which he must re-establish some sense of humanity into his life. The strongest concept that creates the biggest differences in the experiences that are described is that in the Gulag, while life is harsh, there does seem to be some hope that the next day will come, and that finally the protagonist will be released from his imprisonment. In Auschwitz, on the other hand, there is the pervading sense that there will be only death at the end of the journey. Hope is a much more precious commodity as the descriptions of the daily life is defined by the knowledge that genocide had been the original agenda of the Nazi party. The low level of human conditions emphasized the lack of respect for basic human existence that was provided in this terrible place. In the Gulag, while demoralizing events were a daily part of life, the intention seemed to co ntain and maintain the prisoners, rather than to encourage death to take them. According to German records about the numbers of deaths in Auschwitz, 1,750,000 people died in the camp (Linn 71). The camp had a finite life, its beginning and end within the time frame of World War II. Its purpose was to facilitate the genocide of those the Nazi regime had determined were unfit as representative of the human species, and were defined as expendable and ideologically unnecessary. The horror of this concept and the number of people lost to this belief system makes it one of the worst events in human history. Where the events at Auschwitz were terrible, the camp only existed in a few short years where the atrocities had a finite beginning and end. The Gulag system, on the other hand, lasted for thirty years in which slow systems of horror and oppression wore down the people from the threat of being detained within its grasp, or the actuality of being detained. The Gulag represented fear for those who were not in its walls, promoting the oppression of Communism and holding sway over the expression of belief and opinion within the nation of the Soviet Union (Applebaum). Cleanliness, health, and food were all some of the more important themes from both writers. Health was not easily kept in either environment, the health of Levi being so poor in the end that he was left behind, which more than likely saved his life from the harsh journey of

Domestic Violence against Women

Domestic Violence against Women A Comparative Analysis Of Domestic Violence Against Women In Ghana And Uk Abstract Domestic Violence in the UK is widely recognised, accepted, dealt with as an issue. However in Ghana, due to illiteracy, culture, domestic violence is widely not recognised as an issue. There are no measures in place by the government to tackle the issue. The following aims to give a comparative analysis of domestic violence in women in the UK as against women in Ghana. Secondary reports from the police, Charities (NGOs), journals and newspaper issues were used in doing this analysis. Results showed that cases of domestic violence against women in the UK were widespread. There is a social services structure to deal with these issues. Children who are indirectly or directly affected by domestic violence can be identified in most cases and are offered any help or necessary treatment. In Ghana, there are many cultural barriers to first of all getting the message of domestic violence across and secondly being accepted as an infringement of human rights. There are no social structures in place to help these women. NGOs are the equivalent to social services in the UK, but cannot/are not as proactive. They rely on women coming forward and do not/cannot carry out investigations on suspicion of domestic violence. Children, who are directly or indirectly affected, tend to pass through unnoticed. This is due to the fact that culturally, children must be seen and not heard. In other cases, childrens accounts are not believed over the older person out of cultural respect for the adult; such a thing would be considered a taboo. In conclusion, the social workers involvement in women affected by DV and any related children are far more extensive than any involvement in Ghana. All in all, Ghana has a lot to learn and possibly implement in order to tackle the issue of domestic violence in women and children. Introduction This study will look at a comparative of Domestic Violence, hereon referred to as DV, in women in two different countries, Ghana and the UK. I chose to compare these two countries first and foremost because Im a Ghanaian and secondly because I have lived in both countries and currently studying social work in the UK. I have come to know of the social workers involvement with women plagued by DV. I will also include a little on the effect DV has on children in these two countries. It is my intention through this study, to highlight the perception and differences of DV between the two countries and to study the impact of social work(ers) in dealing with DV in these countries. In order to get a better understanding of how DV is perceived in the two countries, I would like to talk about the Demographics focusing on the culture and social standing of Ghana. Ghana Demographics Ghana is a country found in West Africa, located on the Gulf and Guinea and is a few degrees north of the equator, giving it a warm climate. It spans 238, 535 square km and has a population of about 23 million as of 2007. Colonised back in the days by the British, the national language of the land has remained as English till this day. However, out of its ten recognised regions or counties, Ghana has more than 250 indigenous languages spoken. Within these regions and languages, many dialects and cultures also exist. Each ethnic group has its culture and each culture has a way of life. Ghanaians are generally peace loving people. Tradition plays a very important part of the Ghanaians life right from birth (naming and dedication ceremonies), through to Puberty (initiation rites), to marriage (traditional marriage) and death (funeral rites). The legal system however, is a mixture of British law, applicable to criminal cases, and indigenous custom for civil cases. Civil cases that concern customary matters, such as land, inheritance, and marriage, are usually heard by a traditional chief. People are generally wary of the judicial system, which can involve substantial costs and unpredictable outcomes. They usually attempt to handle infractions and resolve disputes informally through personal appeal and mediation. Strong extended family ties tend to exercise a restraint on deviant behavior, and family meetings are often called to settle problems before they become public. Marital disputes are normally resolved by having the couple meet with the wifes uncle or father, who will take on the role of a marriage counsellor and reunite the parties. As culture and traditional customs play a large role, they go along way in defining or influencing acceptance of DV in the Ghanaian society as we shall explore later. Ghana is a low income country with a per capital GDP of only $400 (U.S.) per year. It has many economic and social problems especially in the areas of employment, housing, health, and sanitation. Ghana has an active Non governmental Organization (NGO) sector, with over 900 registered organizations that participate in welfare and development projects in health, education, micro financing, womens status, family planning, child care, and numerous other areas. The longest standing groups have been church-based organizations and the Red Cross. Most are supported by foreign donors. Urban voluntary associations, such as ethnic and occupational unions, also offer important social and economic assistance. The family unit is regarded as an important structure of the community and is held in high regard.

Single Parenting Essay -- Divorced Parents Children Health Essays

Single Parenting Single parents and their children constitute a rapidly increasing population. In the past single parenting was seen as a broken system, these units today provide a viable alternative to nuclear families (Kleist, 1999, p. 1). In looking at the characteristics of single parents raising healthy children, I will describe some of the challenges unique to single parenting, and review positive parenting techniques shown to be effective. Social Development has not prepared individuals to be single parents. Single mothers and single fathers need to establish strong support networks, personal friendships, and positive parenting skills. They need to learn how to synchronize the demands of work, home-care, and supervision of children (Benson, 1993). They need to enforce limits, rules, and boundaries consistently, and to transmit responsibility and values, in order to raise responsible, self-controlled, and healthy children (Cloud, and Townsend, 1998). They need to find ways to improve and maintain their self-esteem. Many single parents learn to live on reduced incomes, find acceptable ways to deal with non-custodial parent, and redefine their relationships with their children. These are but a few of the challenges facing single parents (Benson, 1993). Raising healthy children has more to do with the emotional well being of its members then on family composition (Heath, 1999). So then, how do single parents foster emotional well being amongst its members, while maintaining a full schedule of work, education, day care, deadlines, finances? It may be difficult and exhausting at times, but it is possible, and the rewards are many (Heath, 1999, p. 429). According to Heath, some of the areas affecting positive outcomes are family stability, self-esteem, and positive parenting (p 429). Our job as parents is to transmit values and the tools necessary for our children to be healthy adults being able to function in the world responsibly and with self-control (Cloud, and Townsend, 1998). Family Stability Children need to feel safe. They shouldn’t have to worry about their needs being met. They need structure and routine in order to feel safe and know what to expect. Family conflicts need to be resolved in productive ways. Home should be a balance of function, security, and serenity. Family stability is fostered through family values and family t... ...rk: It is obtainable though. Through special effort, the development of family systems were member feel a sense of well being and through positive parenting practices, single parent families can have strong families in which children can thrive. Works Cited: Bensen, P. L., & Roehlkepartain, E. (1993). Single Parent Families. MN: Search Institute. Cloud, H., & Townsend, J. (1998). Boundaries with kids. Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House. Craig, C. J., & Baucum, D. (2002). Human development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. De’ath, E. (2000, Sept.). Parenting matters—what works in parent education. The British Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(3), 462-463. DeFrancis, B. (1994). The Art of Discipline. Never hit a child. Retrieved June 9, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.neverhitachild.org/artodis1/ Heath, T. (1999, July). Single mothers, single fathers. Journal of Family Issues, 20(4), 429-430. Kleist, D. M. (1999, Oct.). Single-parent families: A difference that makes a difference? Family Journal, 7(4), 373-378. Parenting 101. (2002). Child Parenting. Retrieved June 7, 2002 from About.com on the World Wide Web: http://www.childparenting.about.com/

Jake The Jaw

An example off dir etc action could be the savior's dashing Into a blazing structure and saving a trapped Infant fro the impending fire or the act of putting himself in debt to feed and clothe an ill fortuned family. An indirect action, though, often occurs when the savior pits himself against a devious a ND corrupt force in either a forceful or peaceful fashion, yet almost always with the foreknowledge e that only imprisonment or death can result.The ultimate return of this action would not so m such lead to the relinquishing of former corrupt ways, but It would give faith to those for whom the e savior was fighting so they could continue in their struggle against oppression. In both America n and English literature, this savior Is a common character who often sets the moral tone of r a work. Even though the savior comes in many different forms, the life surrounding literature' s most renowned savior, Jesus Christ, provides a common structure that many books utilize.One such story s oaked in Christian symbolism is One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest in which taut horror Ken Keyes often compares and models the mall character Randall McCarthy after Christ Although McCarthy doctrine and social mores are not quite as fundamental as Chrism's, some e similar messages break through as he plays savior for the patients of the mental ward of a h spiral.Through both direct and indirect acts of servitude on behalf of the fearful patients an corrupt Nurse Ratchet, McCarthy leads the way to salvation by way of a number of events that parallel Chrism's entering of the sinful world, his recruitment and teaching of the disc piles, the Pharisees' persecution of him, and his ultimate destruction at the hands of a corrupt and evil opponent. For there to be a savior somewhat resembling Christ, two things are needed: those needing to be saved and a setting where evil is the dominating force.Upon the entrant once of the favor, a sense of selflessness must be acquired as it is his duty to serve the needy an d oppressed. McCarthy assimilates himself into the role off Christ figure quite quickly, working to heal the patients and present to them the first steps to salvation. The appearance of Christ in the sinful world and of McCarthy in the manipulating ward was the beginning of their Jobs as messiahs.Before Christ assumed this tedious Job, he came to the prophet John the Baptist who, prior to the arrival of Christ, people had often qua questioned on the issue of whether or not he was the messiah; he had always dutifully replied that e was not the messiah but was indeed a precursor of him. 3 In One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, the 1 C. I. Subfield, deed. , The Holy Bible, King James Version (Newark: Oxford University Pres s, 1909), The New Testament, Matt. 1 . 2 Ken Keyes, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (New York: Signet, 1962), p. 25. 3 Subfield, pop. It. , John 3: 28. Patient Ellis performs a similar role. Ellis is a product of electrotherapist which is a me decal procedure Just short of lobotomy. As a result, he now adorns the walls with his arms outspread as if the hospital has nailed or crucified him there,4 ND he serves as a warning to the rest of the patients not to resist the therapeutic power of the hospital. More importantly, though h, Keyes uses Ellis as the precursor of McCarthy, foreshadowing the future use of the torture treatment on McCarthy, the result of which is his ‘crucifixion. 5 During the Biblical event in which Christ asked to have John the Baptist baptize him, John replied, bewildered, that he had moor e of a need to have Christ baptize him than the other way around, but, in response, Christ said to do it he baptismal waters. 6 Keyes also alludes to this event, a bit more wittingly, when McCarthy enters he ward shaking hands and making greetings, only to come across the crucified Ellis standing in a puddle of urine. McCarthy then states, in his own version of ‘suffer it,' ‘My name e is R. P. McCarthy an d I don't like to see a full grown man sloshing' around in his own water. 7 After Chrism's cleansing, he went about and healed the people in need, especially those afflicted with physical ailments, for example a dying leper, a centurion's servant, and a feverish mother. 8 McCarthy, too, is described as a healer. Broaden, one of the patients on the ward who is receptive to Musher's teachings, describes a ruin with a Disturbed art patient who asks for his attention: I couldn't sleep much the rest of the night and I kept seeing those yellow teeth†¦ Asks Eng to Look me! Look me!†¦ That face, Just a yellow, starved need, come looming out of the dark in front of me, wanting things†¦ Skiing things. I wondered how McCarthy slept, plagued by a hundred faces like that, or two hundred, or a thousand. 9 Broaden also witnesses the entrance of McCarthy onto the ward and senses the pop were emanating from his hand as he greets the patients and shakes their hands. When the e two fina lly get around to shaking hands, Broaden says that his ‘hand commenced to feel peculiar r and went to swelling up†¦ Like [McCarthy] was transmitting his own blood into it. '10 Perhaps one of Chrism's most renowned cases of miracle healing was the one in which he raised the recently deceased Lazarus from his grave. 1 Sticking to the mold, McCarthy, too, ‘raises the flesh' of Broaden. 12 Broaden is not dead, but his sexuality is, and the messiah of masculinity, McCarthy, equating 4 Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 20 Ibid. , p. 237. 6 Subfield, pop. Cit. , Matt. 3: 1315. 7 Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 25 8 , Matt. 8. 9 Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 234 Ibid. , p. 27. 11 Subfield, pop. Cit. , John 11: 112: 11. 12 Margaret Church and William T. Stafford, deeds. , Modern Fiction Studies (New Jersey: P Urdu Research Foundation, 1975), Volvo. 2, No. 2, â€Å"Ken Keys Psychopathic Savior: A Rejoinder,† by Rob ret Former, p. 27. 5 the sexual organ to the soul,13 induces Broaden to have an erec tion by telling titillating tales of women and rekindled manhood. 15 Christ, following his doctrine stating that ‘he that is greatest among you shall be your servant,'16 also acted on behalf of all of his followers and their need at once, rather than Just one at a time, and subjected himself to the tortures of crucifixion n in order to pay for their sin. McCarthy, too, acts in an indirect fashion submitting himself to pap n on behalf of the patients. 7 He breaks Nurse Ratchet's office window, cutting his hand,18 and he later attacks her and rips off her uniform, exposing her femininity, and ultimately sacrificing g himself since the response to the attack is his lobotomy. According to Broaden, We couldn't stop him because we were the ones making him do it. It wasn't the nurse that was forcing him , it was our need. '19 The first stages of Musher's presence in the fearful domain of the hospital, based the entrance of Christ into the world, is productive and beneficial to the pa tients who he is first introducing to the path of salvation.To lead mankind to salvation, Christ needed a little more than Just miracles, he needed d an (almost) unfaltering backing and a receptive audience. With that he recruited the twelve disciples and sent them to cleanse evil spirits and spread the word of the Lord. MGM ropy, following suit, does the same by ‘recruiting' the patients in the ward as his own disciple less whom he then reattaches the arts of their manhood. Even with the miracles, though, Christ and McCarthy both have a hard time convincing everybody of their plausibility, and, eve tally, other's doubts lead to their downfalls.The relation between Chrism's disciples and Musher's patients is an important one in ages, some bearing little or no importance and others forming the basis for the rest of the story. One of the first events to transpire between the Christ and the disciples was when he ACTA ally recruited them. He taught them his lessons, led them on a trek to salvation, gave the m the power to cleanse men,20 and made them ‘fishers of men'21 so that they could help him lead the rest of mankind to salvation. One locale, for example, where Christ took the disciples o teach them was on a boat in the Sea of Galilee. 2 Keyes makes a direct connection with this when McCarthy takes eleven patients and the doctor (thus his twelve ‘disciples') on a fish Eng expedition on the open seas to teach them about manly life and how to reclaim it. 23 Prior to the leaving of the ward, the patient Ellis, who is not going, bids farewell and tells another patient to ‘be a fisher of men,'24 directly alluding to Chrism's expedition. The trip is a success with the 13 Ibid. , p. 226. Keyes, pop. Cit. , up. 189190. 15 Bruce Scares, Ken Keyes (Caldwell, Texas: The Cotton Printers, Ltd. , 1974), p. 4. 16 Subfield, pop. It. , Matt. 23: 11. 17 Scares, loc. Cit. 18 Keyes, pop. Cit. , up. 172173. 19 Ibid. , p. 267. 20 Subfield, pop. Cit. , Matt. 10: 1. 21 Ibid. , Matt. 4: 1819. Ibid. , Matt. 8: 23. 24 Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 198. 14 25 As a messiah of masculinity,26 McCarthy teaches about a manly life consisting of, among other things, whoring, drinking, fishing, and swearing. 27 Another very important thing that McCarthy emphasizes is the ability to laugh uninhibitedly. His gospel of laughter reaches out to the patients and their senses of humor that an overbearing fear has all but annihilated. 9 Through his win observance of the events that take place, Broaden sees how McCarthy watches for the humor in the behavior of the hospital personnel, ‘and when he sees how funny it is h e goes to laughing, as this aggravates them to no end. He's safe as long as he can laugh†¦ And it works pretty fair. '30 This revives Bromide's memory of his Native American father who also used this tactic when dealing with white businessmen and government men who wanted their land; by laughing uninhibitedly, his father had aggravated and humiliated the greedy white m en. 1 This memory further reinforces Musher's teachings and Broaden, even though he still goes not have his ability to laugh back yet, realizes that man cannot really be strong until he c an finally see the funny side of things. 32 From all of this, Broaden, still learning from McCarthy, finally starts to near salvation. This occurs when the McCarthy takes a vote (that wins) on whether t o allow the patients to watch the World Series, but Nurse Ratchet denies them the privilege.In r espouse, McCarthy leads a strike and assembles the men in front of the blank TV and Nurse Ratchet loses her composure and yells at them in a screechy manner that Broaden finds so funny that he almost laughs. 34 Broaden is finally on the road to recuperation, though, when an orderly finds his stash of hidden gum and McCarthy makes a Joke, at which Broaden chuckles for the first time in years. 35 Having gone through his battle against fear and finally regaining his ability to laugh, Broaden remembers what laughter can do, 36 all because of Musher's help which opens Bromide's eyes to some of the good around him. 7 With the advent of Bromide's awareness, McCarthy has already succeeded in following up in some of Chrism's foot steps. Perhaps the most difficult part of Chrism's career was his trying to convince others that hat he was saying was the truth and getting them to recognize him for who he truly McCarthy shares the same sentiment, although, it is more a product of apathy. In lit ratter, one symbol used often to represent Christ is the fish. In fact, in the Greek language the w rod for fish is stitch's which is an acrostic that stands for lessons Christofis Thou House Shooter, or J sees Christ Son of God Savior. 8 This symbol is also seen in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest on 25 Ibid. , p. 212. Church, pop. Cit. , p. 226. 27 Keyes, pop. Cit. , up. 198199. 28 Margaret L. Hartley, deed. , Southwest Review (Dallas: Southern Methodist University Pr ss, 19 73), Volvo. LIVID, No. 2, â€Å"Salvation Through Laughter: Ken Keyes and the Cuckoo's Nest,† by Steppe n L. Tanner, p. 125. 29 Ibid. Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 104. 31 Ibid. , p. 86. 32 Ibid. , p. 203. 33 Ibid. , p. 128. Hartley, pop. Cit. , p. 131 . 35 Keyes, pop. Cit. , up. 184185. 37 Ibid. , p. 216. 38 Philip Babcock Gave, Ph.D. , deed. , Webster Third New International Dictionary (Spring field, Mass. : 26 Musher's underwear, which has white whales on it. 39 This symbol may identify McCarthy as a Christ figure to the knowledgeable reader, but the patients in the ward need a little more he Ip. Some of the doubt among Chrism's own disciples was shown when, while on a fishing boat, an already unproductive, uneventful day, Peter doubted this carpenter's knowledge about fishing g, but threw the nets out anyway. A boat load offish was the result, yet Peter still doubted. 0 Peter was finally won over, though, during a terrible sea storm in which he and his fishing crew was caught. He aring their cries for help, Christ walked out on the water and bid that Peter come o UT on the water with him. Peter did so and stood on the water, yet as he neared Christ, the turn bullet eaters frightened him and he began to sink. Christ then reached out and grasped hi s hand and stated, ‘O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? 41 Broaden, too, doubted and stayed in the ‘fog' which enshrouded him, rather than take part in the events that were taking place in the ward. 2 Broaden is compared to the doubtful Peter and the fog is somewhat compared to t he water into which he was sinking. When McCarthy comes around looking for support in a vote, Broaden reports that ‘that big red hand of Musher's is reaching down into the fog dropping down and dragging the men up by their hands†¦ Ragging them out of the f go. '43 After Christ saved him, Peter finally believed in his powers and recognized him for who he was; Christ asked Peter, Whom say ye that I am? à ¢â‚¬Ëœ and Peter responded, ‘Thou art the Christ, the s on of the living God'. 4 With that and Chrism's resurrection, according to the Bible, Peter and the other follower's faith was strengthened; Christ then commanded them to ‘teach all nations. To observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you. '45 Broaden also conceded his belief in McCarthy when he stated that he believed McCarthy was a ‘giant come out of the s KY to save us,'46 ND, at the end, he proceeded to spread the gospel in the corrupt land after he sees peed from the hospital. 47 He spreads the gospel by being the narrator for this book and telling of the story of McCarthy the savior. 8 Christ and McCarthy once again both succeed in helping the needy, resulting in the recognition of them as messengers in the employ of the Lord. Keyes finally draws this chapter of Musher's mission to a close with his Last Fling a ND capture which are quite parallel to Chrism's Last Supper and capture. Before Christ w as to die for his cause, as he had prophesied, he and the disciples had time to eat the Last Supper After that, he and the disciples went to Statement to pray, and he confided in them, saying, ‘My soul is exceedingly sorrowful, Merriment's, Inc. , 1986), â€Å"Stitch's,† p. 1121. 39 Keyes, pop. It. , up. 7677. Subfield, pop. Cit. , Luke 5: 45. 41 Ibid. , Matt. 14: 2431. 42 Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 126. 43 Ibid. , p. 124. Subfield, pop. Cit. , Matt. 16: 1516. 45 Ibid. , Matt. 28: 1920. Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 224. 47 Scares, pop. Cit. , p. 8. Keyes, pop. Cit. , p. 13. 49 Subfield, pop. Cit. , Matt. 26. Even unto death. '50 Christ then went off to pray by himself, leaving the disciples standing guard. After Christ had returned and found them asleep a number of times, he had tried to wake them, but, meanwhile, the Chief Priests had been able to encroach upon their position in or deer to arrest Christ. 1 With them was Judas Chariot, one of the less faithful disciples, who betra yed Christ f or thirty pieces of silver by leading the priests to him. 52 Afterwards, Judas became very sorrowful over his deeds and went and hanged himself. 53 In a much similar fashion, McCarthy is given burial rite after Nurse Ratchet has sent him to the Disturbed ward for attacking the o orderlies. While awaiting Nurse Ratchet's next move which ends up being electrotherapist for McCarthy the Disturbed ward nurse salves, or puts an ointment on, his knuckles which are bruin seed from the fight earlier. 4 his demise is also shown in McCarthy when, on the way back from the fishing trip, B roomed describes him as appearing ‘dreadfully tired and strained and frantic, like there was ‘t enough time left for something he had to do. 55 Musher's ‘Last Supper' was much more like a wild Last Fling than a reserved Passover dinner with the addition of beer, drugs, and prostitute s. As the night goes on, McCarthy, Orderly Turtle, and some other patients drink beer, smoke Arizo na, and raid the medicine closet while the patient Billy Bit goes to a secluded room WI the a prostitute that McCarthy has provided.With a plan in place that will allow Mumps why to escape and the patients to have an alibi for the mess in ward, McCarthy goes to sleep leave Eng Orderly Turtle standing guard; Turtle is supposed to wake McCarthy before the day shift arrives, but, much like what happened to Chrism's disciples, the day shift finds him asleep amid the wreckage of the previous night's party, allowing for the capture of the entire guilty party. 56 A parallel is drawn between Judas and Billy Bit when Nurse Ratchet finds Bit with the pros tithe. 7 He immediately blames McCarthy and the other patients for his doings the night before e, betraying them, and then cuts his neck after Nurse Ratchet has left him into the doctor's office unattended. 58 As a result, Musher's influence as a physical force ends there since the hospital finally subjects him to a lobotomy, but the liberat ion he has provided gives t he patients the will to go on under their own free will rather than under the control of the hospital al. The main part of Chrism's mission was to inform and educate the people.Amid the so Cilia injustices that the Pharisees and Chief Priests forced upon them daily, the people of I Israel merely followed along in quiet subservience. When Christ came, though, they listen d to his attacks on the Pharisees and their hypocrisy and false statements and, in response, t Pharisees began to plot the extermination of him. McCarthy, too, comes into the fee reinvested ward where Nurse Ratchet and her unjust rules are based on the Pharisees' hypocrisy sees, as were made plain by Christ, and her servile patients are compared to Chrism's follower

Effects of religion on children positive or negative?

The David Family Case Family Theory: In my reading about the structural model I recalled Munich because like myself his first concern was problem focused within the context of the family structure (Goldenberg 2000). â€Å"‘ have always felt that if a child is having constant escalating behaviors of tantrums after the age of four there has to be a problem within the family structure. And so in hearing from therapist of who would many times in the past visit only with children and not the parents of families.This would really sound an alarm with me but since I lacked the understanding in the mental field I would asked the question of their knowledge in child development and the family as the root of guiding a child's first developmental years. I also remember reading about Munchies work and his vast array of experiences for example; Munich his practiced in pediatrics, his time volunteered in the army as a Doctor during Israel's war in 1948, he was a child psychiatrist in the Uni ted States working with families in poverty and those who had multiple problems, disconnected structures and displaced children from the Holocaust.His heart to volunteer and research these problematic issues revealed to me his passion and heart for the family as a unit. In my personal experience as an Early Childhood Specialist working with families with children of trauma I often found myself being approached by clinicians who were working with young children yet lacked to understand the details of the early developmental domains. I wondered if they understood temperament, parenting styles or the developmental milestones like, social/emotional patterns, independence, problem solving or attachment and bonding.Clinicians would see toddlers displaying very angry levels of behavior not recognizing they were frustrated simply because they were delayed in their speech, disengaged with their parents, or in a reign land that developed psychological stresses. So as I reviewed the David case I first observed that the structural of the family system; that being, mom, dad and children who had been interrupted by time the hierarchy currently being the grandparents, and the parental roles. This was the root in the context of this families transaction patterns that needed to be changed according to Munchies major thesis of the structural model (peg. 94). This theory looks into the relationships, the organization of the family structure having to due with family roles, rules within this system, boundaries' and wholeness. It also emphasizes on the wholeness of the family system, the influence the family hierarchical organization and the interdependent functioning of its subsystem's for the wellbeing if each individual that consist of the whole family system. In this theory enmeshment is common and the family system is functioning at a dysfunctional level for the lack of boundaries, for inhibiting individual autonomy, and for disruptions in the parental subsystem.This theory r eminds me of a sports; for example, baseball in expressing my complete understanding of this theory I will relate it to this sport. In the game of baseball it does consist of organization of each individuals place in order to function successfully as a whole team. The pitcher and the catcher are like the parents in the family. If they lack to understand their roles and that of their team-members then the whole game will be disorganized and interrupted by a loss and results in very angry, frustrated and confused emotions. What to do? What interventions will the coach implement?In my case what will I implement according to my chosen theory? Alignment, Power, and Coalitions: The David family came to therapy due to their enmeshed family. The parents were having problems in their relationships with their seven and eight year old children who were throwing full blown tantrums consistently, some examples of this manifestation where the children hitting their heads on the walls or vomiting also not listening to their parents instructions and expressing anger at their parents by physically kicking them during these escalating behaviors.As Munich puts it,† this alternated the patterns in the Davit's family structure they went without consideration which caused deviation from any established family rules such as; mandarins', a lack hierarchy, the interdependent functioning, and the wholeness of the family system (Goldenberg 2000). † The results became the resistance of the children making a healthy family connection with their parents. This is how my back- round training in child development will aid me as a future clinician.If the child lacks to build a trusting and secure relationships with their parents becoming that secure base in order for the child to become a healthy separated individual then a sense of loss and fear will result therefore displaying itself as in the Davit's hillside's case. As a therapist I would first look into the family strengths, i n this case the David family taking the step to seek out therapy without it being forced upon them due to an outside report such as D. S. S. I would praise them for taking the first step then observe the spousal, parental and siblings subsystems in this family.In observing this at the first session I could recognize that as the mother expressed her emotions the children and father displayed empathy as they all tried to comfort the mother. The father stepped in and gave instructions to the children who followed wrought it revealed that they did have some understanding for father's hierarchy in this role. This was a psychosomatic family that was enmeshed yet their quick response to comfort the mother here also revealed that they were not disengaged. That showed me that they would be willing to negotiate differences.Within this family it was clear that alignments were off and needed to be put back together by joining its forces by positive activities that engaged in quality time spent. It was the long parental working hours in the Davit's family that disrupted the emotional and psychological connections that members should make with one another. This was the power that was displaced here and instead because of the work demand was given over to the grandparents which caused stressed in the children producing escalating behaviors towards parents.In my understanding the grandparents where the third party alliances between the parent and children which Munich refers to as the coalitions. The grandparents became the dominant part of this family that detoured the power from the parents as the children cried out for their grandparents rather than parents during a place that seemed foreign to them. This resulted in conflicts that placed added stressed on the family systems. Intervention: The David family needs to be realigned, new boundaries' must be set in place and reframing must be worked into this family system.I will use the vignette as an example therapy session an d how I would guide it using Munchies structural therapy. Children are anxious and wondering the office asking to go home crying for their grandparents, they seek each other for comfort rather than parents, parents become embarrassed. Children engage with therapist asking to play with toys, mother becomes emotional children and husband respond. I would greet all by name shaking each individual's hands and then ask mom and dad what they would eke to play with their children today.Knowing that the children are engaging with me as their therapist and interested in my toys this would be used as my intervention tools in order to have the family enact a typical family conflict. Upon children calling out crying for their grandparents I would first validate their state of disconnectedness from grandparents yet redirect them by saying, † look today mommy and daddy wants your time to play with them and they want to play with some of my toys. Children cry say no and began hugging each ot her rather than parents I would then start to realign the family roles by guiding children towards arenas for comfort rather than depending on each other when parents are available. I would do this by having kneel at children's level asking them for permission to comfort them. As mother becomes anxious and emotional and father instructs children to leave mommy alone upon them trying to comfort her, I would intervene by saying to children, â€Å"k well mommy and daddy need some time while you both decide on a game to play with them but then Daddy would love for you both to help comfort your mommy. This will model time and respect given to the hierarchy of the family that being mom and dad yet allow children time for individual mime for choice and space. This would also allow parents to see the importance of setting proper structure, roles, and respectful boundaries' in place. My hope would be to have the family engage in its normal family conflicts. I would do this by either playing a game relating to the last conflict such as the children not wanting to go to bed or take a bath.My session would go something like this. â€Å"Children play a game of wants, dodos and don't, I would ask each individual to tell me what you want to today, what you will do today and what you don't you want to do today? This would e done for each family member (with specific instructions in the beginning that whatever don't want to be done everyone must laugh at the end for them, then try doing those don't by adding something fun. In this case you don't want to take a bath but how can you make it fun? The past tantrums could be realigned by making boundaries' fun thereby inventing new boundaries' and replacing them with parental time with children that will help airframe the family structure. The past rules in the David family consisted of the grandparents filling in the place of parents, the parents jack to consider the importance of time spent with their children gave up their par ental power as that secure base and trusting relationship with their children.My hope is that the engagements of family time spent together would build each individuals self-esteem and confidence as time and energy is being reciprocated here. References Goldenberg, 1. , Goldenberg, H. (2000). Family Therapy An Overview. ; . United States. Headwords, a division of Thomas Learning. Figure Captions Figure 1 . Caption of figure [Figures – note that this page does not have the manuscript header and page number]

Nights at the Circus, Angela Carter essays

Nights at the Circus, Angela Carter essays In both novels, Nights at the Circus by Angela Carter and Geek Love by Katherine Dunn, our of view of what is normal and what is unusual or freakish is completely tuned around. Arturo or Arty from the novel Geek Love views normalcy as a terrible quality to have or to desire. In Nights at the Circus, Carter gives the reader many different freaks to focus on, from the most obvious Fevvers, to the other women at Madame Schrecks. Dunn and Carter explore the theme of the sacred and the profane in both of their novels. Both of these authors tell us many things about or society. Arturo, who is the oldest son in the Binewskis fabulon, views normalcy as a burden on those who embodies it. I see this as being very profane, for any one to want to have fins for limbs, and then to think of him as superior to others is very profane. Arty is the most outspoken and extreme on his views of norms, but the entire Fabulon feels that they are better off than with their specialties than the norms that view their shows are. You figured it wrong. The whole thing wrong... Youve got yourself a little old disability there so you took pleasure in feeling sorry for me. Well you figured wrong. (Dunn 169) In the quote by Arty is telling McGurk, a hired personal electrician that even though McGurk may feel Arty has disabilities that cripple him; it does not mean that arty feels the same way. Arty feels that his disabilities or his specialties make him better than the norms. In the Novel Nights at the Circus, Fevvers, supposed to be bird-women, is paraded around Europe at the turn of the 19th century in a circus as well as being a spectacle in a freak show. Fevvers whose mother is human and father is swan, has all the characteristics of a human woman but also has wings that protrude from her shoulder blades. As...

Definition and Examples of Confirmation Bias

Definition and Examples of Confirmation Bias In argumentation, confirmation bias is the tendency to accept evidence that confirms our beliefs and to reject evidence that contradicts them. Also known as  confirmatory bias. When conducting research, people can make an effort to overcome confirmation bias by deliberately seeking evidence that contradicts their own viewpoints. The concepts of perceptual defense bias and the backfire effect are related to confirmation bias. The term confirmation bias  was coined by English cognitive psychologist Peter Cathcart Wason (1924-2003) in the context of an experiment he reported on in 1960. Examples and Observations The confirmation bias is a consequence of the way perception works. Beliefs shape expectations, which in turn shape perceptions, which then shape conclusions. Thus we see what we expect to see and conclude what we expect to conclude. As Henry David Thoreau put it, We hear and apprehend only what we already half know. The truism, Ill believe it when I see it might be better stated Ill see it when I believe it.The potent effect of expectations on perception was demonstrated in the following experiment. When subjects were given a drink that they thought contained alcohol, but in fact did not they experienced reduced social anxiety. However, other subjects who were told they were being given nonalcoholic beverages when they were, in fact, alcoholic did not experience reduced anxiety in social situations. (David R. Aronson, Evidence-Based Technical Analysis. Wiley, 2007) The Limits of Reason Women are bad drivers, Saddam plotted 9/11, Obama was not born in America, and Iraq had weapons of mass destruction: to believe any of these requires suspending some of our critical-thinking faculties and succumbing instead to the kind of irrationality that drives the logically minded crazy. It helps, for instance, to use confirmation bias (seeing and recalling only evidence that supports your beliefs, so you can recount examples of women driving 40 mph in the fast lane). It also helps not to test your beliefs against empirical data (where, exactly, are the WMD, after seven years of U.S. forces crawling all over Iraq?); not to subject beliefs to the plausibility test (faking Obama’s birth certificate would require how widespread a conspiracy?); and to be guided by emotion (the loss of thousands of American lives in Iraq feels more justified if we are avenging 9/11). (Sharon Begley, The Limits of Reason. Newsweek, August 16, 2010) Information Overload In principle, the availability of a great deal of information could protect us from the confirmation bias; we could use information sources to find alternative positions and objections raised against our own. If we did that and thought hard about the results, we would expose ourselves to a valuable dialectical process of objections and replies. The problem is, though, there is too much information to pay attention to all of it. We must select, and we have a strong tendency to select according to what we believe and like to believe. But if we attend only to confirming data, we deprive ourselves of the opportunity to have well-reasoned, fair, and accurate beliefs. (Trudy Govier, A Practical Study of Argument, 7th ed. Wadsworth, 2010) The  Backfire Effect and Affective Tipping Points The strongest bias in American politics is not a liberal bias or a conservative bias; it is a confirmation bias, or the urge to believe only things that confirm what you already believe to be true. Not only do we tend to seek out and remember information that reaffirms what we already believe, but there is also a backfire effect, which sees people doubling down on their beliefs after being presented with evidence that contradicts them.So, where do we go from here? Theres no simple answer, but the only way people will start rejecting falsehoods being fed to them is by confronting uncomfortable truths.  Fact-checking is like exposure therapy for partisans, and there is some reason to believe in what researchers call an effective tipping point, where motivated reasoners start to accept hard truths after seeing enough claims debunked over and over. (Emma Roller, Your Facts or Mine? The New York Times, October 25, 2016) Perceptual Defense Bias Like other biases, the confirmation bias also has an opposite which traditionally has been termed perceptual defense bias. This process refers to the automatic discounting of disconfirming stimuli that protect the individual against information, ideas or situations that are threatening to an existing perception or attitude. It is a process that encourages the perception of stimuli in terms of the known and familiar. (John Martin and Martin Fellenz, Organizational Behaviour and Management, 4th ed. South Western Educational Publishing, 2010) Confirmation Bias on Facebook [C]onfirmation bias- the psychological tendency for people to embrace new information as affirming their pre-existing beliefs and to ignore evidence that doesn’t- is seeing itself play out in new ways in the social ecosystem of Facebook. Unlike Twitter- or real life- where interaction with those who disagree with you on political matters is an inevitability, Facebook users can block, mute and unfriend any outlet or person that will not further bolster their current worldview.​Even Facebook itself sees the segmentation of users along political lines on its site- and synchronizes it not only with the posts users see but with the advertisements they’re shown. (Scott Bixby, The End of Trump: How Facebook Deepens Millennials, Confirmation Bias. The Guardian [UK], October 1, 2016) Thoreau on Chains of Observations A man receives only what he is ready to receive, whether physically, or intellectually, or morally, as animals conceive their kinds at certain seasons only. We hear and apprehend only what we already half know. If there is something which does not concern me, which is out of my line, which by experience or by genius my attention is not drawn to, however novel and remarkable it may be, if it is spoken, I hear it not, if it is written, I read it not, or if I read it, it does not detain me. Every man thus tracks himself through life, in all his hearing and reading and observation and traveling. His observations make a chain. The phenomenon or fact that cannot in any wise be linked with the rest which he has observed, he does not observe.(Henry David Thoreau, Journals, January 5, 1860)

Ap Us History

The French-Indian War was a major turning point in relations between the Americans and the British. American colonists were generations removed from their British ancestry, and it showed on the battlefield. The Bruits and Americans had different tactics and ideals during the war. These differences created bitterness between the Americans and British economically, theologically, and socially following the war due to the fact that the British controlled the colonies and could therefore tax them/tell them what to do.If two countries hate each other, and one of the countries has control of the other one, problems are bound to arise, as they did between America and Britain following the French-Indian War. These problems would eventually lead to the American Revolution. Economic relationships between Americans and Bruits soured following the French- Indian war due to the increased taxes on colonists that resulted from the high cost of the war.According to document F, the tax revenues brought in from the colonies by the Bruits was seen as insufficient after the French-Indian War (due to the vast increase in territory and population as seen in document and the British Order in Council suggested that they increase the taxes placed upon the colonies, for they were in fact growing. An example of these taxes included the Stamp Act, which placed taxes on many paper-oriented materials.This was a hugely disliked tax by the colonists, as represented by Benjamin Franklin in document G and the newspaper headline in document H, and was indicative of the kinds of unfair taxes that the British imposed on the colonists after the French-Indian War. The effects of the French-Indian War also stirred up political disagreements between the British and Americans. The previous policy of British rule over the colonies was Salutary Neglect, meaning the British would let the colonies govern themselves as long as they maintained fair trade relations with the British.Following the war, however, strict trade laws called the Navigation Acts made it so that Americans had restricted trade with places other than Britain. The Navigation Acts were a response to the lack of revenue mentioned in document F, and created a colonialist feeling of resentment towards the British. These feelings of resentment (in conjunction with many other feelings toward many other unfair acts that limited the prosperity of the colonies) led to the desire of a separate government, and ultimately the American Revolution.The Ideological differences between colonists and the British were noticeably different during the French-Indian War. According to document D, which Is a Massachusetts soldiers diary, the American soldiers were seen as little better than slaves to their [English] officers. American soldiers felt Like they were Englishmen, but were denied the English liberties and rights that they felt they deserved. This was probably due to the fighting styles/other ideologies that differed and made the English feel superior to the colonists.These feelings shone through on the taxes placed upon the colonists and the various laws/acts passed that restricted colonial freedom. Americans and British people after the year 1763 were caused by the French-Indian War. When Britain abused its powers over the colonies, there was a major retaliation which really should have been expected due to the harbored resentment possessed by the Colonists towards the British. The French-Indian war magnified existing feelings between colonists and Englishmen, and also created bitter resentment, which led to restlessness and the American Revolution.

Edible bird's nest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edible bird's nest - Essay Example They are also available in supplements in form of capsules, chewable and liquid. There are various strains of probiotics but the most common are lactobacillus and bifid bacterium. Many of the health claims about probiotic yogurt still require more scientific research to be carried out in order to ascertain the claims. One of the major claim is that probiotic yogurt can change the makeup the gut bacteria for the better. A study conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles in the USA discovered that probiotics can alter the brain function as well. As such, these findings could guide experts in creating dietary interventions that alter mood, anxiety, and stress as well as pain sensitivity. Scholars assert that symbiotic gut bacteria which are the complex ecosystem of micro organisms that are found in the human digestive system promote health benefits by boosting a person’s immunity and as such help with food digestion, maintaining a healthy weight and blood pressure (Heasman et al, 2001). Probiotic yogurt can be used at the work place to keep the workers energized especially for those who do manual work such as construction. It can also rejuvena te the emotional state of the people who are undergoing training or when seated in a seminar hall listening to lectures. This will keep people alert as it is said to boost concentration. Students should also be encouraged to take probiotic yogurt to enhance their understanding in class as well as improving their brain performance. Studies done on rodents seem to suggest that dietary changes to the gut bacteria altered the emotional behaviour and sensitivity to pain. However, there is little evidence to prove that bacteria eaten in food can alter brain function. In a study by the same university, a research was conducted that revealed that those who ate probiotic yogurt for a month showed improved brain function in both resting brain activity

Nursing Roles for Advanced Practice-Resources (Certified Nurse Essay

Nursing Roles for Advanced Practice-Resources (Certified Nurse Midwife) - Essay Example sing people in nursing homes, refugee camps, and a variety of places that other people would otherwise not go were they not in the nursing profession, which is a helping profession. Today’s nurse is more preoccupied with more logistics than before, but that has increasingly become more possible with technological advances in nursing now. The major components of my future professional role include maintaining a high level of quality care as well as a professional image. According to the ANA website (2011), â€Å"The American Nurses Association (ANA) represents Americas registered nurses (RNs). We promote high nursing quality [and] address nursing ethics [issues]† (pgh. 1). The required components of graduate education for my specific role mainly include two things: 1) completion of a successful training program; 2) having the required credits to graduate in my field; and 3) clinical experience. My current program of study helps address all of these requirements by helping me to not only receive a theoretical foundation, but also provides a place where praxis takes place. 1. Go to the American Nurses Credentialing Center and look up and describe possible advanced certification exams and criteria relevant to your future specialty practice. http://www.nursecredentialing.org/cert/eligibility.html There is an exam required for case management. For case management nursing certification, the American Nurses Credentialing Center (2011) says, â€Å"All requirements must be completed prior to application for the examination. [One must]: [h]old a current, active RN license in a state or territory of the United States or the professional, legally recognized equivalent in another country; [h]ave practiced the equivalent of two years full time as a registered nurse; [h]ave a minimum of 2,000 hours of clinical practice in case management nursing within the last three years; [and] [h]ave completed 30 hours of continuing education in case management within the last three

The Politics of Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Politics of Research - Essay Example Sheila Dow has gathered several economists to review Card and Krueger's important work Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage, and what is more important than what any of these individual reviewers has to say is the collective impression left by the reviewers: the politics of research play a far larger role than do the numbers themselves. Finis Welch is left calling for an entirely new set of standards to govern the process of economic research and interpretation (Dow 2002). Several of the reviewers in this article refer to the design of what Card and Krueger call their "natural experiments" designed to see how an increased minimum wage would affect employment. One of the primary arguments against an increase in minimum wage has been that employers would be forced to reduce their workforce numbers to accommodate the higher wage - or to raise prices to such a degree as to render the increased wage negligible. Card and Krueger find as their conclusion that this argument is not true - they conclude that the effect on employment of a higher minimum wage is almost nonexistent. Charles Brown (who, coincidentally, believes that a 10% increase in the minimum wage would decrease employment by 1%) criticizes Card and Krueger's methods, saying that their time window for measuring effects of an increased minimum wage is too short, and does not consider other factors, such as sunk and capital costs (Dow 2002). By contrast, Richard Freeman, who views the minimum wage as one palliative for this "era with rising inequality," agrees with the use of a short time window, because "[e]mpirical analysis of quantitative responses to price incentives is most convincing over periods during which the structure of the economy, technology, and so on can safely be viewed as fixed"(Dow 2002). And so even one's opinion of statistical methodology, it seems, is related to one's prevailing opinion about the topic at hand. If one wants to write a paper that has a certain result, the temptation will soon arise to allow the statistical analysis to provide only a particular answer. Paul Osterman makes note of an analysis that Card and Krueger conducted using past research. According to their study, not only have past economists decided not to publish papers about the minimum wage that would contradict the prevailing argument about the danger to employment numbers, but even within papers that were published, they have "simply [ignored] findings that were inconsistent with the point the authors wanted to make" (Dow 2002). Of course, this manipulation and misuse of data is exactly what Finis Welch accuses Card and Krueger of doing in their own book: after dissecting Card and Krueger's studies and finding them too statistically insignificant to support a hypothesis, he asks, "Are these the kind of data that you would recommend as the basis for national policy"(Dow 2002). In addition to flaws in the design and implementation of particular research methods, this selection of reviews also provides insight to the inherent biases that the reviewers themselves bring to

Coke is good for our health or not-Personal introduction Essay

Coke is good for our health or not-Personal introduction - Essay Example Nevertheless, I believe that this beverage itself is just but an absolute venom to the human body due to its high level of acidity that it contains. Moreover, the price of coke are cheaper and thus it can be afforded by most individual regardless of their social statuses. As a matter of fact, I think that in some arid areas and many third world countries it could be easier to find and purchase Coke than assessing clean drinking water. This is because the company has established numerous depots in every corners of the world thus making its consumption level to rise. In addition I have noted that Coke has excessively employed the use of â€Å"public relations propaganda† to persuade the consumers from different part of the world that the product is healthy and environmental friendly, something that I find hard to believe in. This is because the Coca-Cola Company has widely been associated with negative environmental and health problems such as diseases water shortages and various coronary disease among others. Furthermore, I also believe that excessive drinking of Coke could alleviate the chances of getting a heart attack, stroke and other coronary diseases. I say this because my uncle Ted, currently struggling with aortic aneurysms and cardiomyopathy (types of cardiovascular diseases) was advised by his doctor to refrain from the use of Coke and any types of sodas in general. Even though my uncle was for a long time a â€Å"Coke addict† he vowed to keep off the poisonous nectar, and it is worth noting that his health is improving significantly. In addition, during a biological academic trip, one of our high school professors mentioned that Coke and other typical sodas can cause calcium loss in the human bones. She explained that Coke contains phosphoric acid and carbon which irritates the stomach therefore making the body to release calcium, an anti-acid, as a healing mechanism. This would consequently lead to the reduction of calcium in blood which has to

How are convergence and interactivity defined in new media studies Essay

How are convergence and interactivity defined in new media studies Using examples, critically evaluate these concepts in relation to those of remediation and intra-activity - Essay Example product of convergence between â€Å"old† and â€Å"new† media through â€Å"remediation,† which they examined in their book, Remediation: Understanding New Media. This essay aims to study how convergence and interactivity are defined in new media studies. Through several examples and definitions, it critically evaluates these concepts in relation to remediation and intra-activity. According to new media scholars, convergence is defined through technological convergence, the lens of consumer agency (Lister et al., 2009: 48; Suchman, 2007), cultural/system/corporate convergences (Jenkins, 2008; Murdoch, 2000), and remediation (Bolter and Grusin, 2000), while interactivity has been defined as a cause, enabler, and result of convergence (Murdoch, 2000; Manovich, 2001); however, the â€Å"myth of interactivity† (Manovich, 2001: 74) and the process of inter-activity (Barad, 2007) criticise the intuitive and interactive notions of new media interactivity and con vergence (Hay and Couldry, 2011). Before convergence is further understood, the meaning of new media must be explored first because it shapes the philosophical conceptualisation of convergence. One of the common definitions of new media is the interaction between old and modern media, especially computers, mobile information and telecommunication devices, and the Internet. New media is more complex and varied than the use of current web and mobile technology interfaces, nonetheless. In the article, â€Å"How Should We Read New Media and New Technologies?† Gà ¶kà §ek (2011) cautioned people in seeing new media as a single and homogenous object, when it is composed of a â€Å"...collection of objects which should be analysed economically, socially, culturally, politically, philosophically, theoretically and technologically† (71). He resisted separating new media from its social context, as well as bundling it into a simplistic view of networked and interactive modern technological systems. Manovich (20 01), in The Language

Challenges in College Recruiting Research Proposal

Challenges in College Recruiting - Research Proposal Example This section will explain the issue under examination and its significance. In this case, the challenges facing recruitment in colleges will be examined with the aim of finding recommendations on how to handle the challenges in the future. The research will be conducted on the existing information on the issue. Academic sources such as Google books and scholarly articles will be used. The results obtained will be summarized, and the critical studies discussed. The citation will be done in APA, as required. The data will also be analyzed to determine its relevance to the solution of the issue. The primary reason for analyzing the available background information is to identify the areas of the problem that it fails to address. The resulting questions that are not dealt with by the existing information will be posted as proof of the insufficiency of the literature review. Finally, the question (s) to be pursued for the research will be chosen from the ones developed from the information. The questions been examined will be described, citing reasons as to why the research is viable. The specific issues under study will be listed, and introducing the interrelationship between the question and the question stated in the introduction. The particular claim, in this case, is that there are various challenges that affect the process of recruitment in colleges and other institutions of learning. Some of the problems include ideological differences and corruption. The elimination of these social evils would lead to a better process of recruiting and enrolling students in a college. The topic was chosen because these challenges are ignored yet there are possible ways of eliminating them. The aim of the research is thus to identify the challenges and recommend possible means of dealing with them. That involves a description of the methods of data collection and analysis to be used to complete the research. In this case, data collection will be done through the use of

How are convergence and interactivity defined in new media studies Essay

How are convergence and interactivity defined in new media studies Using examples, critically evaluate these concepts in relation to those of remediation and intra-activity - Essay Example product of convergence between â€Å"old† and â€Å"new† media through â€Å"remediation,† which they examined in their book, Remediation: Understanding New Media. This essay aims to study how convergence and interactivity are defined in new media studies. Through several examples and definitions, it critically evaluates these concepts in relation to remediation and intra-activity. According to new media scholars, convergence is defined through technological convergence, the lens of consumer agency (Lister et al., 2009: 48; Suchman, 2007), cultural/system/corporate convergences (Jenkins, 2008; Murdoch, 2000), and remediation (Bolter and Grusin, 2000), while interactivity has been defined as a cause, enabler, and result of convergence (Murdoch, 2000; Manovich, 2001); however, the â€Å"myth of interactivity† (Manovich, 2001: 74) and the process of inter-activity (Barad, 2007) criticise the intuitive and interactive notions of new media interactivity and con vergence (Hay and Couldry, 2011). Before convergence is further understood, the meaning of new media must be explored first because it shapes the philosophical conceptualisation of convergence. One of the common definitions of new media is the interaction between old and modern media, especially computers, mobile information and telecommunication devices, and the Internet. New media is more complex and varied than the use of current web and mobile technology interfaces, nonetheless. In the article, â€Å"How Should We Read New Media and New Technologies?† Gà ¶kà §ek (2011) cautioned people in seeing new media as a single and homogenous object, when it is composed of a â€Å"...collection of objects which should be analysed economically, socially, culturally, politically, philosophically, theoretically and technologically† (71). He resisted separating new media from its social context, as well as bundling it into a simplistic view of networked and interactive modern technological systems. Manovich (20 01), in The Language

Fashion and beauty products Essay Example for Free

Fashion and beauty products Essay Dulce et Decorum Est is a poem written by the British poet and World War I soldier, Wilfred Owen. During the war, conditions on the trenches varied from bad to worse day by day, and in the end, approximately one third of the Allied casualties managed to survive on the trenches. The soldiers suffered from rat infestation, unbearable stenches, tedious daily routines, insects, trench fever and several other diseases. In this poem, Wilfred Owen, who was killed in the First World War, portrays the war from a soldier’s perspective, while displaying an extremely traumatic and negative image of the war, as the conditions were brutal. The main idea of this poem is to expose the truth about the war. In order to do this, Owen chooses to speak of an incident which occurred in war that shocked him. By doing this, it not only presents a theme of catastrophe, death, trauma and war, but it leads the people to react exactly as Owen aimed; if what went on in war was seen, then no one would dare to force anyone to join. Originally, this poem was addressed to Jessie Pope, a propagandist that especially encouraged men through her poems to enlist in the war. Some of her poems such as â€Å"Who’s for the game? † might have enraged Owen to write such a poem. In this text, I will analyse various aspects of the poem Dulce et Decorum Est, while presenting my opinion and justifications. This 28 line poem, written in iambic pentameter, begins by giving an impression of the soldiers, displaying both their physical and mental characteristics, while presenting the general atmosphere in the battle. The impression that is given of the soldiers is weary, vagrant-like, and exhausted as they march â€Å"through sludge† and are slowing down as they become â€Å"blood shod†, â€Å"all lame, all blind† and â€Å"drunk with fatigue† as they are struggling to march away from the scene of combat. The poet ends the first stanza by stating that the soldiers were not even able to hear the faint sound â€Å"of gas-shells dropping softly behind†. All of these descriptions show how much the soldiers suffered, and they were put in such a condition that they were like the â€Å"living-dead†. The second stanza speaks of a soldier dying. The transition from the first to second stanza is emphasised by the exclamation marks: â€Å"Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! † The poet speaks so gently of the gas shells in first stanza as they were â€Å"dropping softly†, and suddenly, they have grown dangerous enough for the soldiers to panic. As the soldiers are alarmed, everything is done in a rush, and they all put their gas masks on except one. This soldier begins â€Å"yelling out and stumbling†¦ And floundering like a man in fire or lime†. This statement emphasises the panic, instability and lack of control of the soldier as he falls back. In addition, this statement is continued by presenting a disgusting image of the soldier â€Å"guttering, choking, drowning†. The word â€Å"guttering† accentuates the chocking sounds of a man’s throat. The phrases which evoke the shock that Owen felt are: â€Å"Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. † This statement has great effect in this poem as the present an image of a man dying, while there are hundreds of men surrounding him, merely watching him die, and not bothering to do anything to help. This image brings shock and horror onto the reader’s mind, and the word â€Å"drowning† achieves to emphasise this thought. Judging by the description of the man’s death, it was very painful for the narrator to see him die: â€Å"in all my dreams before my helpless sight†. This statement can also be seen as the moment in which Owen was forced to repeat one of the most dreadful events during war, while thinking about his past painful memories and thoughts, as though compelling him to live through those moments again. In the last stanza, the poem develops by stating that if the readers were able to observe the â€Å"[writhing] white eyes†, the â€Å"vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues† and hear the â€Å"blood come gargling from the froth corrupted lungs†, then sending men to war would be forbidden. He finishes by challenging the reader by saying that if they had been present in the actual time of the war, then they would not dare repeat â€Å"the old Lie: Dulce et decorum est / pro patria mori. † – Which means it is sweet and right to die for your country. In other words, it is an honour to defend your nation, even if it means dying for it. In conclusion, it can be said that throughout the entire poem, Wilfred Owen exposes a grotesque, but realistic view of what occurred in the war. He achieves this by describing one of the most shocking images and moments that occurred while he was a soldier in the war the death of a man. In the end, he completes his point by challenging the readers that if they knew what truly goes on in war, they would never tell their children, with such idealistic enthusiasm, the â€Å"Old lie†. As my personal opinion, I feel that Wilfred Owen’s poem is contrasted against Jessie Popes poem â€Å"Who’s for the game? † as they are both presenting opposite points. However, I think that Dulce et Decorum Est manages to achieve its aim more successfully as it shows a direct, brutal and honest view of the war, and speaks of a true incident, rather than throwing rhetorical questions and including misleading images of the war. Overall, Wilfred Owen was very successful in transmitting his main message to the readers: if anyone had seen the horrors of what went on during war, then they would not dare challenge others to join; in fact, it would be prohibited.

Traffic Congestion

Traffic Congestion Introduction: Traffic congestion is a critical problem which happens on roads which make traffic busy because roads full of cars and buses. Traffic congestion challenges traffic flow in urban area and is prevented smooth traffic. A growing urban area creates complex problems in daily life with traffic. Congestion phenomenons can not be terminated only by applying physical constructing such as: build bridge, motorways and increasing road capacity. It is necessary to build technology system for transportation management which is used for control of the traffic phenomenon. Traffic control systems have direct influence on traffic problems which is help to improve traffic flow and reduce traffic congestion. Usually, traffic jams are caused by many reasons such as incidents, works in roads, roads maintenance. Approximately, traffic congestion occurs at peak times in the morning or evening when people are travelling to work. In addition, transportation systems are one of the main reasons causing traffic congestion in some countries. Traffic roads have a direct effect on traffic jams which relate to small ways use or damaged ways (Katathira et al, 1994) Firstly, when K. Macmillan invented the first cars had proper shape and wooden frame in 1839 which included many types of advantages such as: motion speed; comfort; control; economy; furniture and safety. The Automobiles industry became more popular and necessary for the life and it aimed to improve cars industrial design and create more cars by companies. In the end of 18th century, the first traffic congestion appeared on the old London Bridge which created a serious problem. After that, the London government decided to find way out for this phenomenon which led to the invention of control system to solve traffic congestion by installing traffic lights on the old London bridge. In addition, the London government added another control system by dividing the London old bridge into two paths, one for vehicles and another for pedestrians (Bellis, 1994). Transportation problems have been studied by many researchers and many solutions have been proposed to solve it. Improving transportation includes many ways to improve traffic performance in major cities and motorways. The Government is responsible for improving the efficiency of transportation in cities and highways between cities which reduce traffic problems. Transportation blockage has a clear influence on economic situation and it causes increased in live cost. The aim of this paper is to discuses the effects of control systems can reduce traffic congestion, energy consumption and road incidents. It is important to understand the link between traffic congestion and control systems. However, there are some solutions to decrease their negative effects. Background Traffic congestion, definition Traffic congestion is complex phenomenon which is related to a number of cars on the road at the same times which is hinder motion and need extra time to reach destinations. In fact, traffic congestion is usually recurring or non recurring phenomenon. Always, recurring traffic congestion is appeared by daily event in a certain times which is solved reorganize suitable planning. On the other hand, non recurring traffic congestion is unexpected and unusual event cause by an incident which is suddenly reduced road capacity. In addition, road capacity is one of the main reason cause traffic congestion when the number of cars on the road increases than the road capacity. (Logi, 2001) Control system Control system is approach to remedy traffic phenomenons by applying technology, programming and tolls. In the end of 18th century, the first control system was applied in London by traffic light which was used to organize traffic motion on London old bridge. A growing in urban area encourage government to invent and apply a new technology has ability to reduce traffic problems which is called traffic control system. The aim of this section is to describe effect traffic congestion by traffic control system because traffic control system has direct influence on traffic problems which is helped to improve traffic flow and solve traffic problems by apply a number of system factors such as: traffic lights; road pricing; travel times; gasoline tax; transit fare and speed limitation. Literature review In spite of, the link between control systems and traffic congestion is important; there appear literature dearth which is especially in evidence of appropriate systems. Therefore, there is calculated and experimental evidence. As a result, the relationship between control system and traffic congestion was investigated in 1994 by Shefer which had divided volume over capacity ratio which was used to measure level of traffic congestion. Then after, in1997 the relationship between traffic congestion and control system was studied by Shefer and Rietveld which is used sample hypothesis and provide experiment evidence by comparing traffic congestion level when peak hours the traffic congestion level was less than peak hours in usually days. Further study, by Noland and Quddus in 2005 who was used link between traffic congestion and control system by using spatial analysis manor in London. This study achieves lower traffic congestion by applying several types of control systems (Wang et al, 2009). Type of problems The most type of problem that is happening in big cities is traffic congestion. Traffic congestion has high impact on smooth traffic which cause limes lose, work opportunity and energy consumption. However, traffic congestion has influenced in the city live which become extremely complicated and difficult for life. The most common with traffic congestion are road accident and road capacity which can be blockage traffic flow in cities or in country side for example in London congestion occur in some area not during peak time always during all day which cause time loses and it become serious problem which encourage the governments to find out solution for this phenomenon to decrease it and avoid many problems relate with traffic congestion which can be make life smooth and uncomplicated. Transportation system challenges by traffic congestion which is importance to develop transportation systems by using new methods and useful technology which can alleviated or decreased level of conges tion in urban area. According to ( Logi , 2001) point out that traffic congestion is recurring and non recurring congestion which is appeared when traffic volume increase than road capacity in a certain times. Always, recurring traffic congestion connect with daily event thought non recurring traffic congestion connect with unexpected event by road incident or road works. This phenomenon has been studied by many researchers which aim to find approaches or solution for traffic congestion.

voodoo Essays -- essays research papers fc

Could Voodoo be nothing but evil, black magic, and the work of the devil? Is voodoo really an evil religion that sacrifices humans as well as animals to the demonic Gods? When I first did my paper on Voodoo, the first thing that came to my mind was how Hollywood portrayed Voodoo. When people see something on television or at the movies, they believe it to be reality. Undoubtedly, misconceptions will occur, and unless people are shown evidence against the delusions, it will be taken as fact. I think Voodoo religion is as acceptable as Christianity or any other religion. Voodoo has been tainted from the true principals and understanding. Voodoo has been shown on screen as evil, black magic, and the work of the devil, rather than as a faith, and most people see spells cast on voodoo dolls like Chucky in Child’s Play, who goes around killing people because he is possessed (Child’s Play 1988). Is Voodoo a true, spiritual religion, and if so, are people willing to tolerate it? In today’s society, religious tolerance of different groups of people or cultures is very important. By understanding and accepting the differences of real versus imaginary using Voodoo as the prime example, people will be able to see these groups as part of actual society and not just a fictitious magical and evil portrayal in entertainment such as Child’s Play, Trilogy of Terror, and Chloe-Love is Calling You. Hollywood’s portrayals of Voodoo in movies, thus invalid. Voodoo was founded in Haiti, back when the slaves were brought in from the African homelands. African and Christianity beliefs were easily merged because they are not all that different. Both religions are similar in ways of baptism, or ritual purification. Both believe one God created all people (Hintz 95). In place of God is a Supreme Being called Bondye. He is the head loa and is very powerful. Bondye gives individuals their own destinies. He is too busy to be involved in the personal everyday lives. This is why they believe in the spirits or Loa to whom they worship and make sacrifices (Brown 6). Just like other religions, Voodoo has it’s own principles, with it’s own set of rites. The Voodoo priest is the houngan. A priestess is a mambo. A houngan religious authority is much more informal then that of a Catholic priest (Hintz 97). A priest has to answer to the bishops and the people. He has a structural church, where as ... ...uisiana. Hintz, Martin. Haiti: Enchantment of the World. New York: Children’s Press, 1998. This book is about the different kinds of religions that are practiced in Haiti. Voodoo doctors in Haiti use plants and other items for treatment. â€Å"A spider web is placed over a cut to stop the bleeding.† (98). Murray, Alexander. Who’s Who In Mythology. New York: Bonanza Books, 1989 This book gives a description of the Greek and Roman deities and how they are represented. Neusener, Jacob. World Religions in America. Kentucky: Westminster/Johnknox Press,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1994. This book is about the diversity of religions on America. Among the different religions in America we can get a sense of understanding then and their uniqueness to their culture. Smith, Houston. World’s Religions. New York: Labyrinth Publishing, 1994. This book is about â€Å"values† (11). A true understanding of the world points directly to the true understanding of the religions in the world today. Tart, Charles. Body, Mind, Spirit. Virginia: Hampton Roads, 1997. This book is about the scientific findings of spirituality and the existence of the of a soul.I haven’t had time to read much of this book.

Technicolor Research Topic Report: Sound and Image. :: essays research papers

Technicolor Research Topic Report: Sound and Image.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is a written report where my partner on the topic and I presented a ten minute oral summary of our chosen research topic on Technicolor. We chose Technicolor as we felt it had most to say to us, threw the progression of the technology the problems threw out the years of perfecting the technology, to the ultimate glory of the Technicolor experience. As we didn’t know too much on Technicolor we were quite eager and wanted to broaden our knowledge on the subject.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We started the research primarily on the internet as we found a lot of informative sites we also confirmed the information using books. The books and sites used were www.technicolor.com, www.widescreenmuseum.com/oldcolor/technicolor1.htm and www.imdb.com. The books are as follows, Glorious Technicolor: the movies' magic rainbow / Fred E. Basten. Barnes, 1980 and Mr. Technicolor / Herbert T. Kalmus with Eleanore King Kalmus. Our intention on the project was to separate the project with Tom doing the early years and I doing the later years in the company’s history. We would share the different information with each other helping each other understand the difficult technological information to hand with the different camera systems that were created threw out the years. Technicolor was the collaboration of Herbert Kalmus, Daniel Comstock and W. Burton Westcott in 1912 with the intention of creating flicker free color films, Technicolor as we know today has produced much success and revolutionized the way we look at cinema but this was not without there many teething problems. Actors and critics criticized the technology every step of the way. There first invention produced was the Technicolor System 1 Additive Color, which I’m sorry to say flopped massively due to the unfortunate screening of The Gulf Between in 1917 which only a few frames remain of this film today. This was the first public premier of the technology and was disastrous. The film was captured through two separate filters red and green and the light through those two filters was captured on a single reel of film, when processed this negative had red and green information captured on a black and white reel, when this was processed the reel was placed into a projector and then threw red and green filters. To project the image an adjustable prism that had to manually lined up by the projectionist as two separate images formed on the projection screen this did not work as planned as the projectionist failed to line up the images correctly.

Managing human capital

IntroductionIn the bulk of administrations people are now the premier plus. The cognition, abilities and accomplishments have to be set up and used to the maximal consequence if the administration is to make value. Nowadays, organisations are invariably altering as a response to the concern environment with each clip being more demanding and competitory. Primary purpose for companies is to go more flexible by following a successful scheme. How the company adapts to the alteration and how prompt it happens can guarantee its topographic point within the game. Responsiveness, adaptability and flexibleness are the key. Harmonizing to, Turner, Keegan & A ; Hueman ( 2006:317 ) , for an administration to be effectual and successful, the human resource direction maps must be integrated into the assorted organizational scheme Human resources are defined as the pool of human capital under the house ‘s control in a direct employment relationship, and HR patterns are the organizational activities directed at pull offing the pool of human capital and guaranting that the capital is employed towards the fulfillment of organizational ends ( Wright et al. , 1994 ) .Hrm FunctionThe HRM Function plays the function of the taking attention of the human capital in the organisation. The HRM Function is responsible for the procedures, which allow the organisation to remain competitory on the external market and internally efficient. By and large, the function and duties of the HRM Function are defined good in theory, but the world can be different from the organisation to the organisation. The investings needed to maintain the current staff and the competition on the market normally define the resort area for the HRM Function. The HRM Function is responsible for the undermentioned countries in the organisation:RecruitmentCompensation and BenefitsPerformance ManagementTrainingReportingLeadership DevelopmentPersonal AdministrationLegal Compliant ProcessesIn recent old ages, HRM involvement has grown in the country employee ‘s ability and public presentation. Among academics public presentation assessment defined as a structured system of mensurating, measuring and act uponing an employee ‘s occupation related properties, behaviors and results to happen out what degree employee is soon executing on the occupation. ( Kramer & A ; macgraw & A ; schuler 1997 ) that is: how productive the employees are and whether they can execute more efficaciously in the hereafter it is a dynamic and multidimensional procedure ( Latham & A ; wexley 1981, Carroll & A ; schneirer 1982 ) Harmonizing to Dessler ( 2005 ) public presentation assessment is a cardinal affair in the HRM because it helps to organisations about the employee with feedback, development and inducements required assisting individual eliminate public presentation lacks or to go on to execute above par. In twenties century account of public presentation assessment has been extended new positions. Generally human resources directors say that mensurating public presentation helps to acquire information about employee ‘s demand and making but since sing public presentation assessment get an of import portion of HRM. harmonizing to Heyel â€Å" it is the procedure of measuring the public presentation and makings of the employees in footings of the demands of the occupation for which is employed for intents of disposal including arrangement, choice for publicities, supplying fiscal wagess and other actions which require differential intervention among the members of groups as distinguished from actions impacting all members equally.† ( s.Chand 2000 )From Performance Appraisal To Performance ManagementWhile the thought that assessments should better employee public presentation is already accepted and we know that it is non new. Many directors of companies set up their procedure in tree measure. They are _ of puting ends, _ preparation employees, _appraising and honoring them. During the period of procedure it calls public presentation direction. By and large public presentation direction as a procedure that back uping to company ‘s strategic purposes. All these definitions conduct that public presentation assessment takes a function in a procedure. employee ‘s ends and work are related to company ‘s end. That is why develops the employee ‘s capablenesss, and evaluates and wagess the person‘s attempt besides company ‘s benefit in new vision of human resources direction.Performance DevelopmentPerformance direction scheme is related with employee development. Purpose of public presentation direction is developing employees who are effectual in their work besides seek to better public presentation when employees are non executing every bit good as they should ( Campbell, and Lee, 1988 ; Farh, et al. , 1991 ) The feedback is a chief point which given during the public presentation rating procedure identify, employees failings every bit good as chances for accomplishment development. It is clear that the intents of en effectual public presentation direction system are link employee activities with administration ‘s strategic ends, provide valid and utile information for administrative determinations about employees and give employees utile developmental feedbackSHRMstrategic human resource direction has been defined as â€Å" the linking of human resources with strategic ends and aims in order to better concern public presentation and develop organisational civilization that surrogate invention and flexibleness â€Å" ( Siddharth Chatuvedi ) Strategic Human Resource Management ( SHRM ) is one of the most powerful and influential thoughts to hold emerged in the field of concern and direction. It is besides applied by some policy shapers at have drawn upon the thought of SHRM to advance a high public presentation workplaces and human capital direction. Research workers in the field of strategic human resource direction have emphasized that human resource ( HR ) patterns may take to higher house public presentation and be beginnings of sustained competitory advantages ( Wright, Dunford, & A ; Snell, 2001 ) . SHRM impact how organisations are changed, and how they perform. It besides affects how employees are treated, security of employment and the nature of employment. SHRM trades with organisational public presentation and systems of patterns and HRM trades with a single employee public presentation and single HRM patterns. The function of SHRM or HRM is to set up a system of HRM patterns that transforms a house ‘s employees from trade goods that provide negligible competitory advantage and average work public presentation to human assets and prolonging the heightened work motive, expanded occupation chances, and alone accomplishments, cognition and abilities. When a house is be aftering to modify or do a advancement of invention, the best applied scheme is the research-based-review that will decidedly be utile to the SHRM/HRM.Strategic HRM And Human Capital ManagementA figure of authors have argued that strategic HRM and human capital direction ( HCM ) are one and the same thing, and so the construct of strategic HRM lucifers that of the broader definition of HCM rather good as the undermentioned definition of the chief characteristics of s trategic HRM by Dyer and Holder 1998 shows5:Organisational degree – because schemes involve determinations about cardinal ends, major policies and the allotment of resources they tend to be formulated at the top.Focus – schemes are business-driven and concentrate on organizational effectivity ; therefore in this perspective people are viewed chiefly as resources to be managed toward the accomplishment of strategic concern ends.Framework – schemes by their really nature provide uniting models which are at one time wide, contingency-based and integrative. They incorporate a full complement of HR ends and activities designed specifically to suit extant environments and to be reciprocally reenforcing or interactive.Theory Applied To The SHRM/HRMThe human resource direction patterns fundamentally include the procedure of enlisting and keeping. To supply the farther apprehension, the Grounded Theory will take the SHRM/HRM to make end of employee enlisting and keeping. The application of grounded theory provides the recruiters and human resource professionals to hold a better apprehension in the employment alterations.Application Of Two ModelsA. Guest Model Of HRMThis type of theoretical account that was introduced by David Guest has six dimensions of analysis for HRM. It summarizes the HRM schemes, HRM patterns, HRM outcomes, behavior results, public presentation results, and fiscal results. The thought of this theoretical account is based on the cardinal elements of the HRM attack, such as committedness that have a direct relationship with valued concern effects.B. Compensation And WagessThis method might be usage and besides be more effectual in the employment relationships, scheme, and direction that can ensue for a better apprehension on strategic human resource direction systems. As a sort of motivational attack, employees can be more competitory hypertext transfer protocol: //ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/10/shrmhrm-models-a nd-theories.htmlMaking A High Performance WorkplaceHow Can HR Help To Implement High Performance Work Practices?HR aid to implement high public presentation work patterns by making a civilization whic is supportive of high public presentation, by act uponing attitudes ( HR can assist put up benchmarking visits to organisations which are accomplishing outstanding consequences through people ) , by planing and implementing HR procedures which support the concern scheme ( hr procedures such as wages systems need to be aligned to the new ways of working. In order to present high public presentation working there are a figure of cardinal features of high public presentation workplaces:Employees are extremely skilledEmployee motive and committedness are strongOccupations are good designed and functions fit together goodOpportunities are provided for people to take part in bettering how they do their workStrong cultural values underlie how people work together and do determinationsStructures are expeditiously organisedThe necessary tools and resources and physical environment are providedMaking this happen requires a combination of two cardinal elements on a high degree:Having a work force of gifted and motivated peopleHaving a extremely effectual system through which work is organised and people are recruited, managed and developedCardinal Stairss To Have A High Performance In WorkplaceThere are basically two parts to presenting high public presentation working. The first portion is all about seting the basic enablers in topographic po int. The 2nd is transforming how work is done to guarantee top public presentation twenty-four hours in, twenty-four hours out. First, it is of import to acquire the rudimentss in topographic point, as follows: Choice: enrolling the best people, utilizing techniques such as psychometric testing and competency-based interviewing to do certain campaigners are accurately screened Prosecuting new starting motors: supplying utile initiation with support at manus and a clear debut to ways of working and civilization Development: analysing development demands of persons and squads in footings of both proficient and ‘soft accomplishments ‘ , and supplying relevant preparation and development to run into any spreads Pay and benefits: supplying a competitory salary bundle or contract rate to procure good quality employees, with sensible warrants of employment security. Performance direction: guaranting both persons and squads as whole have clear aims and are managed consequently, honoring excellence and covering with under-performance Diverseness: holding a good mix of accomplishments, backgrounds and types of people brings a comprehensiveness of thoughts and improved problem-solving Work environment: ensuring resources are in topographic point so that the tools, equipment and installations to back up high public presentation working are in topographic point and people have what they need to make the occupation good Accurate information: holding clear informations on the both the costs of using people, who is making what and the benefits they contribute to the programme or undertaking Transforming into a high public presentation workplace requires non merely the right support systems, nevertheless, but concentrating on how people work together, in peculiar: Leadership: most people react best to leaders who connect with them and are n't hierarchal in their attack. This means acquiring ‘back to the floor ‘ and disbursement clip with people at all degrees, including frontline operators, clients, support staff and other directors. Then a clear way demands to be set and pursued smartly, presenting on promises and animating assurance in staff Team-based working: squads need to hold clear undertakings, be measured as a squad instead than persons and tantrum good with other squads. Functions within a squad should be complementary, clear and interdependent. Where these standards are met, squads are extremely effectual in presenting consequences with limited monitoring, far more so than persons working independently. Flexible constructions: understating the figure of direction degrees and differences of position has important impact on two degrees. First, lines of communicating are quicker and more fluid between whoever is taking a programme and different people presenting cardinal undertakings. Besides, with few center directors, the undertaking direction operating expenses are kept to a lower limit. Communication: seasonably, unfastened and honest communicating with all staff, avoiding a ‘need to cognize ‘ civilization, is priceless in guaranting good determinations are made and errors avoided. This is besides critical for people to experience valued, as they are in the cringle and trusted. Engagement: one of the biggest countries of chance loss in many undertakings is deficiency of engagement of squad members in determinations, be they big or little. Normally the people making the frontline undertakings are those who know best how things can be improved or made more efficient. Supplying regular unfastened forums and sometimes confidential channels to raise issues are critical to acquire people involved in doing the whole undertaking work better. Making this takes up some clip but constantly leads to break consequences and nest eggs downstream. Continuous invention: high acting workplaces are continuously happening new and more effectual ways of presenting their ends. This does n't intend eternal clip wasted navel-gazing. It does intend high quality communicating and engagement being used to good consequence – to do things work better and ever maintaining an oculus unfastened for chances. The function of the leader in enabling this is important. Good inventions need to be implemented. ‘No ‘ should be a word that is non heard often!By Alan Bourne, Chartered Occupational Psychologist 2007Example From CompaniesStarbuck ‘s, Boeing, Wal-Mart, Mc Donalds, Samsung and Turkish Airlines are leaders in their industry and have been making concern successfully. During the research on their Human Resource Management ( HRM ) , I have seen their successes are steadfastly related to their effectual and efficient HRM schemes. There are many factors in common among these five companies ‘ HRM schemes: devotednes s to employees ‘ benefits, employee preparation, a diversified work environment, publicities and wagess system, friendly and healthy workplace and outsourcing chances. Starbuck ‘s concern has been hiking twelvemonth by twelvemonth. For many people that have had Starbuck ‘s java, they may detect that Starbuck ‘s client service is outstanding. Every client is treated like a VIP and with high quality service. Starbuck ‘s provides its direction squad and employees developing to assist them better understand its concern procedure. Besides, Starbuck ‘s offers a broad scope of occupation chances for people to develop their potency. Boeing, world-famous aeroplane shaper, provides the most advanced and diversified employees benefits I have of all time known. Boeing knows handling employees liberally will convey more net incomes and competitory advantage. In add-on, Boeing provides a bright and clear calling growing way for its employees, and it will decidedly add to their assurance and attempts working at Boeing. Wal-Mart is the largest private employer of African-Americans and Hispanics in the United States. Different civilizations, backgrounds, and moralss have become Wal-Mart HRM ‘s nucleus issues. Wal-Mart embracings diverseness at all degrees in its organisation. Wal-Mart besides has an Open Door Policy in which every associate is encouraged to convey any suggestions to their supervisor. Wal-Mart ‘s advanced and effectual HRM schemes make it such a successful company. McDonalds believes that â€Å"training is the foundation of their success and vital for bettering the business† . Hourly paid staff receive on the occupation preparation, supplemented by computing machine based and other preparation methods, Management staff receive preparation at one of the company ‘s six British preparation Centres. McDonalds has a high ‘turnover ‘ of staff, proposing the enlisting scheme is inefficient. Incorrect occupation advertizement perchance leads to the entry of applications by the incorrect type of individual. Samsung ‘s scheme can be described as an attempt to systematically run into clients ‘ demands across three critical dimensions-quality, time-to-volume, and being easy to make concern with. The company is invariably altering and reinventing itself in support of these ends by design in Samsung ‘s HR direction systems. Recently the house has collected some informations about why people in high tech came to ( and stayed at ) Samsung. It was found that â€Å" interesting work † and the quality of the work environment were cardinal properties. Samsung develop a batch of classs for Samsung staff to larn, and give them chances to travel outside to larn. E.g. : The design halfway staff can travel abroad or have opportunity to work with celebrated endowments. Samsung has identified the development and care of an Extraordinary Environment as a cardinal driver in the execution of its competitory scheme. Turkey Airline is one of the market leaders in the flight industry.The Company has got jobs which include hapless communicating and deficiency of information flow between the assorted sections, headhunting of cardinal staff members by rivals, weak organizational construction, weak wages scheme and organizational civilization. To work out this issue, The company has adopted a figure of human resource direction schemes of late. At Turkish air hoses direction has created a conductive environment, with more workers engagement, calling sequence planning, calling relevant preparation, public presentation wages systems, greater chances for higher functions, occupation satisfaction, trust and committedness to heighten employee committedness and satisfaction. Bacardi-Martini is a celebrated and reputable drinks maker with the strongest success rates with respect to the study conducted by ‘The Sunday Times 100 Best Companies to Work For ‘ . One of the chief factors that fuels their success, and continues to drive the company are the productiveness, answerability, creativeness and teamwork. The company readily recognises that its success will merely go on if the staff are committed, loyal and happy in their work. Therefore, Bacardi ‘s staff development attack is taken really earnestly, and they go to guarantee that the household ambiance is used through the operations of the company Examples of these benefits include free hot repasts at the eating house, private wellness attention, life insurance, athleticss installations, helplines and so on. All of these benefits are non merely offered to the employee, but besides the employee ‘s household members or live-in spouses. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.clms.le.ac.uk/publications/workingpapers/working_paper50.pdfDecisionHarmonizing to Gilbreath ( 2008 ) , making strong HRM policies requires making a strong psychological environment in which employees can boom. Such an environment requires carry oning stress audit, supervising the work of the environment, fiting people and work environment and utilizing squads of employees and research workers to analyze the work environment. Gilbreath, B. , ( 2008 ) . This paper has examined the propositions of the SHRM positions of HR patterns and their part to sustainable competitory advantage. The nexus between HR patterns and house public presentation has been established and from a resource-based position One of the primary decisions from this survey It is utile for all administrations to direction their people within a planned and coherent model which reflect the concern scheme. They can guarantee that the assorted facets of people direction are reciprocally reenforcing in developing the public presentation and behaviors necessary to accomplish concern success. There is non individual HRM scheme that will present success in all state of affairss. Administrations need to specify a scheme which is alone to their ain state of affairs in footings of context, ends, and the demands of organizational stakeholders. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/strathrm.htm